Composition building element



May 5, 1936. w. D. JOHNSON 2,039,536

' COMPOSITION BUILDINQELEMENT Filedl ont. 2, 1951 4 sheets-she'et 2INVENTOR ATTQR N EY May 5, 1936- w. D. JOHNSON 2,039,536

vcorviPosITIoN BUILDING ELEMENT 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oct. 2, 1951ATTOR N EY May 5, 1936." w. D. JOHNSON COMPOSITION l.BUILISING ELEMENTFiled Oct. 2, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 v l n milan/big s "ela HY @gi/WM@A'TTORN EY Patented May 5, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMPOSITIONBUILDING ELEMENT Warner D. Johnson, St. Louis Park, Minn.

Application October 2, 1931, Serial No. 566,559

6 Claims.

This invention relates to composition building elements for interior andexterior construction and has for the primary object, the provision of adevice which will provide eilcient insulation against Weather elementsand a resistance against re and protection from vermin and germs and adeadener of sound.

Another object of this invention is the provision of vchemically treatedbodies or slabs which will possess insulating qualities and be capableof withstanding various kinds of strains or stresses and so constructedas to have intertting connections With each other when assembled.

A further object of this invention is the provision of facings for theslabs to provide attractive and artistic appearance thereto and a novelmethod of securing the facings and slabs together to provide them ofsubstantial integral construction to render them capable of withstandingsevere wear and to meet all building requirements and which may bemanufactured and sold at a comparatively low cost.

With these and other objects in view, this invention consists in certainnovel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts tobe hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

For a complete understanding of my invention, reference is to be had tothe following description and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a perspective view illustrating a brick employed as a facing elementin one form of my invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view illustrating the composition body orslab.

Figure 3 is a plan View illustrating the bricks in a mold or rack.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4--4 and showing clearlythe bonding element applied to the facing elements or bricks.

Figure 5 is a sectional view illustrating the slab applied to the facingelements or bricks and ready to be positioned in a press.

Figure 6 is a side elevation illustrating the inform of brick or facingelement having attachingv lugs.

modified form of' facing elements or bricks Aasso- Figure 10 is asectional view illustrating the ciated with a modied form of slab andlocated in the mold or rack.

Figure l1 is a similar view showing the modi' cation when completed orremoved from the mold or rack. 5

Figure 12 is a sectional view illustrating a'rnodified form of buildingelementin which the facing elements represent bricks and the latterrecessed to receive lugs.

Figure 13 is va perspective view illustrating a. l0 modified form ofbuilding element in which the facing elements represent shingles.

Figure 14 is an end elevation illustrating the same.

Figure 15 is a perspective view illustrating the l5 facing elementsshown in Figure 13 prior to being secured to the slab. A

Figure 16 is a. plan view illustrating a modified form of my inventionin which the facing elements consist of tile shingles.

Figure 17 is an endelevation same.

Figure 18 is a sectional view illustrating means of connecting the roongor tile shingles to the slab.

Figure 19 is a plan view illustrating the convex shingles or tilings. l

Figure 20 is an end elevation illustrating the same.

Figure 21 is a view similar to Figure 19 show- 30 ing the concaveshingles or tilings.

Figure 22 is an end elevation illustrating the same.

Figure 23 is a fragmentary sectional view, illustrating a modified formof means of securing 35 the tile shingles to the body or slab.

Figure 24 is a perspective view illustrating a modified form of myinvention in which the facing element represents clapboarding.

Figure 25 is an end elevation illustrating the 40 same.

Figure 26 is a perspective view illustrating the clapboard facing priorto being secured to the slab.

- 20 illustrating the Figure 27 is a perspective view illustrating a 45struction. '55

Figure 31 is an end elevation illustrating the same.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral I indicates a slab orbody constructed from'long, tough, fibrous material, such as wood fibre,grass, weeds, and other similar materials. The selected material ispreferably seasoned and chemically treated to resist re and pressed intoa solid mass to provide the slab or body I. One face of the slab or bodyis coated with a solution of magnesium chloride and then covered with acoat of thin cement having the consistency of cream. The slab or body iscapable of resisting fire, and insulation against heat or cold anddampness and will be non-conductive of noises and non-penetrative byvermin and disease germs. The slab or body may be of varying dimensions,preferably of a thickness ranging from one half inch to one inch whilethe other dimensions thereof may remain standard which is conventionalin building construction.

A facing 2 is provided with the slab or body I and is in the form ofindividual bricks 3. The bricks 3 are of a conventional dimension exceptfor their thickness as shown in Figure 1. The thickness being much lessthan an ordinary brick.

A frame 4 of substantially the size of the slab or body is divided by aseries of partitions 5 and 6. The partitions being so arranged that whenthey receive the bricks, the latter will resemble a brick wall ofordinary formation. The frame 4 rests upon a plate 'l to retain thebricks within the frame and project slightly beyond one face of saidframe and are coated with a solution of magnesium chloride over which isplaced a coating of thin cement having a creamy consistency. The slab orbody I is then applied to the bricks as shown in Figure 5 with thetreated face thereof next to the treated faces ofthe bricks. The slab orbody resting upon the bricks within the frame 4 is then placed in ahydraulic press and subjected to a desired pressure causing the cementto be forced deep into the voids of both the body or slab and the brickscausing said parts to become substantially of integral construction.

The body or slab has its side edges cut away to provide flanges B whichanges of slabs or bodies l'ns when assembled in wall formation will haveoverlapping relation. The ends of the slab or body are cut away toprovide spaced tenons 9 and notches IIJ. The walls of the notchesandedges of the tenons are bevelled so that when slabs or bodies areassembled in wall formation the tenons will t within the notchesestablishing interlocking connections between said bodies or slabs. Dueto the connections of the slabs or bodies with each other when in wallformation waterproof or leakproof connection is established therebetweenand the assembled wall from its outer face will have the appearance ofan ordinary brick wall.

Anchoring plates II are suitably fastened to the studding of the wallconstruction and have struck out therefrom a series of tines I2 whichmay be driven into the slabs or bodies thus effectively anchoring thelatter to the studding' of the wall construction.

Referring to my modified form of invention as shown in Figures 9 to 1-1inclusive, the bricks constituting the facing have formed thereontapered or substantially conical shaped lugs I3 received withincylindrical pockets I4 formed within the slab or body and when the slabor body and the bricks are subjected to pressure, the material of theslab or body will close in and about the lugs I3 thereby firmlyanchoring the face bricks to the slab or body as shown in Figure l1.

Referring to'Figure 12 the bricks are provided with recesses i3' so thatwhen the slab or body is applied, the material thereof will enter ilierecesses forming lugs I6 or bonds therebetween.

Referring to Figures 13 to 15 inclusive, a modified form of my inventionis disclosed and which consists of a facing I5 secured to a slab or bodyi6 similar in construction to the slab or body I by the methodheretofore set forth. The facing I5 is constructed from cement orsimilar material and has its outer faceV grooved and lined, as shown atI'i and E8 to represent shingles so that the device may be employed inwall or roofing construction wherein it is desired that the device Lhave a eliingied appearance.

Referring to Figures 16 to 22 inclusive, a modicd form of my inventionis disclosed in which a facing I9 has the appearance and the advantagesof tile roofing and the body or slab 20 is When the facing I9representing the tile roofing 5 -is assembled on the body or slab 20 bythe method disclosed by Figures 9 to ll and heretofore described, thetile shingles will have overlapping relation, forming ridges andvalleys. Certain of the shingles being convex as shown at 24. The othershingles are concave as shown at 25.

Referring to Figure 23, tile shingles 24' of the concaved and convexedtypes are provided on their inner faces with recesses and a filler 25 isplaced between the same and the slab or body. The material of the lleris of a fibrous nature mixed with a binder so as to adhere to theshingles and slab. The material entering the recesses of the shingles isclearly shown in the drawings.

Referring to Figures 24 to 26 inclusive a facing' 26 is provided andsecured to the body or slab 21 as heretofore described and representsclapboarding. The facing 2B being constructed of cement or similarmaterial.

Referring to Figures 27 to 29 inclusive, the

facing 28 is secured to a slab or body 29 in the heretofore describedmethod and is constructed of cement which is grooved and its outer facehighly polished to represent tiling for interior construction.

Referring to Figures 30 and 31, the body 3D has a facing 3I securedthereto in the method heretofore described and is constructed fromplastic or similar material, the surface of which may have a roughenedappearance or a white coating so that when assembled in wallconstruction will have the appearance of plaster walls for bination andarrangement of parts may be made4 without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention, as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An article of manufacture comprising, a slab composed of shreddedfibrous material treated to render the same ilreproof and having afacing composed of spaced elements of refractory material and a coatingof magnesium chloride covered by a coating of cement, said coatingsacting to secure said refractory facing elements and slab together.

2. Anarticle of manufacture comprising. a slab composed of shreddedgrass treated to render the same fireproof, and having a facing composedof spaced elements of refractory material, and a coating of magnesiumchloride covered by a coating of cement, said coatings acting to securesaid refractory facing elements, and slab together.

3. An article of manufacture comprising, a slab composed of shreddedweeds treated to render the same reproof, and having a facing composedof spaced elements of refractory material and a coating of magnesiumchloride covered by a coating of cement, said coatings acting to securesaid refractory facing elements and slab together.

4. An article of manufacture comprising, a slab composed of shreddedbrous material treated to render the same iireproof, and having a facingcomposed of faced elements of refractory material, anda coating ofmagnesium chloride covered by a coating of cement, said coatings actingto secure said refractory facing elements and slab together, twoopposite sides of the article being oppositely rabbeted, and two otheropposite sides being recessed to sealingly complementally fitcorresponding recessed sides of another article to form a sealed wall,or facing for a wall.

5. An article of manufacture comprising, a slab of refractory material,a facing for the slab composed of spaced elements of refractory materialcemented by means including magnesium chloride, two opposite sides ofthe article being oppositely rabbeted, and two other opposite sidesbeing recessed to sealingly complementally fit corresponding recessedsides of another article, to form a sealed wall, or lfa'cing for a wall.

6. An article of manufacture comprising, a slab of refractory material,a facing for the slab composed oi spaced elements of refractory materialand a coating of magnesium chloride covered by a coating of cement, saidcoatings acting to secure said refractory facing and refractory slabtogether, two opposite sides of the article being oppositeiy rabbeted,and two other opposite sides being recessed to sealingly complementallyfit corresponding recessed sides of another article, to form a sealedwall or facing for a wall;

WARNER D. JOHNSON.

